An engine manifold is a cast iron/cast alloy component that acts as a passage to collect the hot exhaust gases from the engine exhaust port and direct it into the turbocharger or to the silencer. The engine manifold is nothing but a set of pipes that connects all engine cylinder exhaust ports and acts as the first component in the exhaust system.
Type of Exhaust Manifold:
Types of exhaust manifolds are based on the type of engine.
- Single Cylinder Exhaust Manifold
- V-type twin-cylinder exhaust manifold
- Multi-cylinder exhaust manifold
- Gasoline engine exhaust manifold
- Diesel engine exhaust manifold
- Cast Iron manifold
- Stainless steel fabricated manifold
Design Consideration for Exhaust Manifold:
Following application, requirement is considered for designing an exhaust manifold
- Engine exhaust gases temperature (900-degree Centigrade to 1100 degree centigrade)
- Space in engine compartment
- Engine exhaust gas pressure (max and min operating range)
- Turbo Charger / Without Turbocharger design
Application Requirement of exhaust manifold:
An exhaust manifold must have,
- Good thermal fatigue strength
- High oxidation resistance
- Minimum restriction to the flow of the exhaust gases
- The exhaust manifold should not generate backpressure
- Good heat dissipation ability
- Ability to withstand in high vibration & cyclic load
The following animation helps you to understand the application/function of the exhaust manifold. The exhaust manifold directs hot exhaust gases from the engine exhaust port to the turbocharger.
Another important function of the exhaust manifold is to maintain a leak-proof connection between,
- Engine exhaust port inlet of the exhaust manifold
- Exhaust manifold outlet and turbocharger/silence input